How to Tell if Dog’s Anal Glands Are Full

Best ways to tell if your dog’s anal glands are getting full

Anal glands may not be the most glamorous part of dog ownership, but they’re important little things that can cause a lot of discomfort if ignored. These small scent sacs, located just inside your dog’s bottom, are usually emptied naturally when your dog goes to the toilet. But sometimes they can become full, irritated or even blocked. Common signs include scooting, licking, a sudden fishy odour or even swelling near the rear. Knowing what to look for can help you catch the issue early and keep your pup comfortable.

What is scooting?

Scooting is when your dog drags their bottom along the floor, often in a rather dramatic fashion. While it can sometimes be a one-off itch or a reaction to grass, regular scooting is usually a sign that something isn’t quite right. Full or blocked anal glands are one of the most common causes. It’s your dog’s way of trying to relieve the pressure or discomfort they’re feeling back there.

Is my dog frequently licking his bottom a sign of full anal glands?

Yes, frequent licking or nibbling around the tail or bottom can definitely be a sign that the anal glands are feeling full or irritated. Dogs often try to soothe the area themselves if it’s feeling uncomfortable. While the occasional lick is perfectly normal, repeated attention to the area — especially if paired with scooting or restlessness — might mean it's time for a check-up.

Why does my dog have a fishy smell?

A sudden fishy or musky smell around your dog’s rear is a classic sign of full or leaking anal glands. The fluid in the glands has a very distinct and strong scent, and it’s not the kind that’s easily mistaken. If your dog leaves a whiff on your lap or their favourite cushion, it’s likely time to take a closer look or give your vet or groomer a ring.

Swelling around anal area

If you notice any puffiness, redness or visible swelling near your dog’s bottom, it could be a sign of impacted anal glands. In some cases, if the glands remain blocked, they can become infected or form abscesses, which are painful and need immediate attention. Any visible changes or signs of discomfort when your dog is sitting or wagging should be taken seriously.

Should I involve a vet or groomer to express the glands?

Most of the time, yes. Vets and professional groomers are trained to express anal glands safely and gently. If your dog’s glands are causing regular issues, it’s best to get them checked by a vet to rule out infections or underlying conditions. Some groomers include anal gland expression in regular grooming services, especially for small or fluffy breeds that are more prone to gland issues.

Can you express the glands yourself at home?

It is possible, but it’s not for the faint of heart — or the sensitive of nose! Expressing anal glands at home should only be done if your vet has shown you how, and you’re confident that it’s safe and necessary. It’s a delicate process, and doing it incorrectly can hurt your dog or make the issue worse. So unless it’s something you’ve been advised to do, it’s usually best left to the pros.

How do you express a dog’s anal glands at home?

If your vet has given you the go-ahead and shown you how to do it, the process involves gently applying pressure to the area around the glands using a gloved hand and a soft cloth. The glands are located at the 4 and 8 o’clock positions around the bottom. It can be messy, smelly and a little awkward, so always do it in a calm space, with plenty of treats and soothing words. And never force it — if nothing happens, it’s time to stop and call your vet.

How to prevent anal glands from frequently getting full

A high-fibre diet is one of the best ways to help your dog’s body express its own anal glands naturally during bowel movements. Make sure they’re getting enough exercise too, as movement helps everything stay regular. You can also speak to your vet about supplements designed to support healthy gland function. For dogs that are prone to problems, regular checks during grooming or vet visits can help stop things before they become uncomfortable.

How often should I check my dog’s anal glands?

Most dogs don’t need any manual checking at all unless there’s a problem. But if your dog is prone to full or blocked glands, checking them every few weeks — or asking your groomer to — can help prevent discomfort. If your dog starts scooting, licking excessively or smelling a bit fishy, that’s your cue to give things a little more attention.

Can anal glands cause behaviour changes?

Yes — when dogs are uncomfortable, they often show it in subtle ways. If your usually cuddly dog suddenly seems restless, clingy or even a little grumpy, it could be discomfort from full anal glands. Some dogs may refuse to sit down properly or avoid their usual sleeping positions. A gentle check or trip to the vet might just be the answer to a change in mood.

Are some dog breeds more prone to anal gland issues?

Absolutely. Smaller breeds like Chihuahuas, Toy Poodles, Shih Tzus and Dachshunds tend to have more trouble with their glands, possibly due to their anatomy or firmer stools. Overweight dogs can also struggle, as the muscles around the glands might not work as efficiently. Regular checks are especially helpful for these breeds.

Can diet really make a difference?

Yes, a high-fibre diet can help firm up stools, which encourages the natural emptying of the anal glands during toileting. Foods like plain pumpkin, sweet potato or dog-safe bran can be gently mixed into their meals to give a bit of extra fibre — but always check with your vet first, especially if your dog has a sensitive tummy.

Can full anal glands cause bad breath or ear scratching?

Interestingly, yes. When dogs feel discomfort in one part of the body, it can sometimes lead to referred behaviours like ear rubbing or even chewing their paws. In some cases, that mysterious “bad breath” smell isn’t coming from their mouth at all, but from their rear end — especially if anal glands have leaked slightly without anyone noticing.

What happens if full anal glands are left untreated?

If left too long, full glands can become impacted, infected or even burst. It’s not only painful but also a bit messy and distressing for everyone involved. Early signs are easy to spot — scooting, licking, odd smells — and catching the problem early can spare your dog a lot of discomfort and prevent vet visits turning into emergency situations.

What’s the difference between full and infected glands?

Full glands usually cause mild irritation and scooting. Infected glands are more serious — they might cause swelling, redness, or even oozing around the area. Your dog might yelp when touched or seem visibly distressed. If you ever see blood, pus or a sudden lump near the bottom, it’s definitely time to visit the vet.

Can anal gland issues be linked to allergies?

Yes — allergies (especially food or environmental) can lead to chronic inflammation, which affects the anal glands too. Dogs with itchy skin, recurring ear infections or sensitive tummies might also be struggling with mild allergies, which can in turn lead to frequent gland troubles. If problems are recurring, a vet might suggest a gentle elimination diet or allergy testing.

Is it embarrassing to talk to the vet about anal glands?

Not one bit! Vets and groomers deal with this all the time, and they’d much rather you asked than your dog suffered in silence. Anal glands may not be the most glamorous subject, but they’re a common concern, and no question is ever too silly when it comes to your dog’s comfort.

Summary

While it’s not the most glamorous part of pet parenting, understanding your dog’s anal glands can save them a lot of discomfort. From scooting to licking, fishy smells to swelling, there are plenty of signs that suggest those little scent sacs need some support. With the right care — and a little help from your vet or groomer — your dog can stay happy, healthy and far more comfortable. Sometimes, love is knowing when to check a bottom.