What Do Guinea Pigs Eat?

Guinea pigs are strict herbivores that require a diet rich in high-fibre grasses, fresh leafy greens and vitamin C. Hay should form the bulk of their diet to support digestion and dental health, supplemented with a variety of fresh vegetables and occasional fruit treats.

Introducing the Guinea Pig
Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) are small, social rodents native to the Andes in South America. Domesticated for centuries, they are popular pets known for their gentle nature and distinctive vocalisations. Their digestive system and dietary needs are specialised, requiring constant access to fibre and vitamin C, which they cannot produce themselves.

Diet in the Wild
Wild guinea pigs graze on grasses, herbs and leaves available in their natural habitats. Their diet is naturally high in fibre to maintain gut motility and dental wear. They consume a variety of vegetation to obtain necessary nutrients and hydration.

Domestic Guinea Pig Diet
Pet guinea pigs should have unlimited access to fresh grass hay such as timothy or meadow hay, which is crucial for digestion and preventing dental problems. Fresh leafy greens like romaine lettuce, parsley, kale and dandelion leaves provide essential vitamins and hydration.

Vitamin C is vital to prevent scurvy, so feeding a mix of vitamin C-rich vegetables such as bell peppers, broccoli and parsley is important. Commercial guinea pig pellets fortified with vitamin C can supplement but should not replace fresh foods.

Fruits such as apple slices or strawberries can be given sparingly as treats due to high sugar content. Avoid feeding iceberg lettuce, potatoes, onions or rhubarb, which can be harmful.

Feeding Behaviour and Care
Guinea pigs are grazers, preferring to nibble small amounts frequently. Providing fresh water and clean feeding areas is essential. Sudden dietary changes should be avoided to prevent digestive upset.

Regular monitoring of appetite and droppings helps detect health issues early. Dental checks are important as guinea pigs’ teeth grow continuously.

Interesting Guinea Pig Facts
Guinea pigs communicate with various sounds when feeding or content. Their digestive system includes a large caecum for fermenting fibrous food. They have delicate vitamin requirements unique among rodents.

Common Questions About Guinea Pig Diet
Many owners ask if guinea pigs can eat pellets alone; pellets supplement but do not replace hay and fresh greens. Questions about feeding fruit daily arise; fruit should be limited to avoid obesity and digestive problems.

Conclusion
Guinea pigs thrive on a diet centred around hay, fresh leafy greens and vitamin C-rich vegetables. Meeting their dietary needs supports digestion, dental health and overall wellbeing. Proper nutrition and care help guinea pigs live healthy, happy lives as beloved companions.